Can the enhanced mobility created by transportation infrastructure investments help people to avoid environmental extremes? We use transaction records from China's card payment system to measure experienced pollution exposure (EPE) - that is, …
This paper exploits the universe of credit- and debit-card transactions in China during 2013-2015 and provides the first nationwide analysis of the healthcare cost of PM2.5 for a developing country. We leverage spatial spillovers of PM2.5 from …